Comparative Plant Virology, 2nd Edition

Section I: Introduction to Plant Viruses

Chapter 1. What is a virus?
I Introduction
II History
III Definition of a virus
A How viruses differ from other plant pathogens
B Are viruses alive?
IV Classification and nomenclature of viruses
A Virus classification
B Families, genera and species
C Naming of virus species
D. Acronyms and abbreviations
E Plant virus classification
F Virus strains
G Use of virus names
V Viruses of other kingdoms
VI Summary

Chapter 2. Overview of plant viruses
I. Introduction
II Economic losses due to plant viruses
III Virus profiles
IV Macroscopic symptoms
A. Local symptoms
B. Systemic symptoms
1. Effects on plant size
2. Mosaic patterns and related symptoms
3. Yellows diseases
4. Leaf rolling
5 Ring spot diseases
6 Necrotic diseases
7. Developmental abnormalities
8 Wilting
9. Recovery from disease
10. Genetic effects
C. The cryptoviruses
D. Diseases caused by viral complexes
E. Agents inducing virus-like symptoms
V Histological changes
A. Necrosis
B. Hypoplasia
C. Hyperplasia
1. Cells are larger than normal
2. Cell division in differentiated cells
3. Abnormal division in cambial cells
VI Cytopathological effects
A. Effects on cell structures
1. Nuclei
2. Mitochondria
3. Chloroplasts
4. Cell walls
5. Cell death
B. Virus induced structures in the cytoplasm
1. Accumulations of virus particles
2. Aggregates of virus-encoded proteins
3. Caulimovirus inclusions
C. Why inclusion bodies?
D. Cytoplasmic structures resembling those induced by viruses.
VII The host range of viruses
A. Limitations in host range studies
B. Patterns of host range
C. The determinants of host range
1. Initial events
2. Expression and replication
3. Cell-to-cell movement
4. Stimulation of host-cell defences
VIII Viruses of other kingdoms
IX Summary